Abstract
The scope of this paper is limited to the taxonomy, detection, and reliable morphological and molecular identification of the potato cyst nematodes (PCN) Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis. It describes the nomenclature, hosts, life cycle, pathotypes, and symptoms of the two species. It also provides detailed instructions for soil sampling and extraction of cysts from soil. The primary focus of the paper is the presentation of accurate and effective methods to identify the two principal PCN species.
Highlights
Potato cyst nematodes (PCN) are damaging soilborne quarantine pests of potato and other solanaceous crops worldwide [1,2]
Globodera species feeding on potato include G. ellingtonae, restricted to Chile, Argentina, and two states in northwest USA [3,4,5] and G. leptonepia (Cobb and Taylor, 1953) Skarbilovich, 1959 found only once in a ship-borne consignment of potatoes [6,7]
When PCN populations are high in the field, potato yields can be less than the tonnage per unit area of the planted seed [9,10]
Summary
Potato cyst nematodes (PCN) are damaging soilborne quarantine pests of potato and other solanaceous crops worldwide [1,2]. The two most damaging species, G. pallida (Stone, 1973) Behrens, 1975, the pale or white cyst nematode, and G. rostochiensis (Wollenweber, 1923) Behrens, 1975, the golden cyst nematode, have proved to be highly adaptive at exploiting new environments, being passively transported, undetected across borders, in intimate association with tubers of their major host, the potato. Potato cyst nematodes are obligate sedentary endoparasites that can cause stunting of plants, reduce yields, and sometimes lead to complete crop failure. PCN is recognized throughout the temperate regions of the world as one of the most difficult crop pests to control [11]. The European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization has published a diagnostic protocol for the two species [17]
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