Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Novel and Extant Taxa in Pleosporales Associated with Mangifera indica from Yunnan, China (Series I).

Er-Fu Yang,Saowaluck Tibpromma,Jian-Chu Xu,Itthayakorn Promputtha,Chathurika Karunanayake,Zhen-Xiong Zhao,Samantha C. Karunarathna,Rungtiwa Phookamsak

doi:10.3390/jof8020152

Abstract

Pleosporales is the largest fungal order with a worldwide distribution in terrestrial and aquatic environments. During investigations of saprobic fungi associated with mango (Mangifera indica) in Baoshan and Honghe, Yunnan, China, fungal taxa belonging to pleosporales were collected. Morphological examinations and phylogenetic analyses of ITS, LSU, SSU, rpb2 and tef1-α loci were used to identify the fungal taxa. A new genus, Mangifericomes; four new species, namely Mangifericomes hongheensis, Neomassaria hongheensis, Paramonodictys hongheensis, and Paramonodictys yunnanensis; and six new host and country records, namely Byssosphaeria siamensis, Crassiparies quadrisporus, Paradictyoarthrinium aquatica, Phaeoseptum mali, Torula fici, and Vaginatispora amygdali, are introduced. Photoplates, full descriptions, and phylogenetic trees to show the placement of new and known taxa are provided.

Highlights

Mango (Mangifera) belongs to the genus Mangifera and the family Anacardiaceae.Mangifera contains 69 species, while the most cultivated fruit tree species is Mangifera indica, which has over 1000 varieties worldwide, but only a few varieties are cultivated and traded on a large scale [1,2]
The origin of Mangifera indica has been debated for years, and some believe mango evolved from several related species in and around Malay Archipelago and China, which may be one of the origins of Mangifera, while others insist that mango originated from India and spread worldwide along with the spread of human communities [6,7]
We introduce one new genus, four new species and six new host or new country records in Pleosporales collected from mango based on morphological characteristics and multilocus phylogenetic analyses

Summary

Introduction

Mango (Mangifera) belongs to the genus Mangifera and the family Anacardiaceae. Mangifera contains 69 species, while the most cultivated fruit tree species is Mangifera indica, which has over 1000 varieties worldwide, but only a few varieties are cultivated and traded on a large scale [1,2]. Doilom et al [13] reported 28 new fungal taxa from Tectona grandis, one of the economically important timber trees from northern Thailand. 130 taxa associated with the invasive weed Chromolaena odorata from northern Thailand, and Phukhamsakda et al [17] reported 50 new species in Clematis (Ranunculaceae) from. We assume that mango-associated saprobes probably jumped from various hosts in subtropical to tropical regions, mainly by the agricultural activities. We introduce one new genus, four new species and six new host or new country records in Pleosporales collected from mango based on morphological characteristics and multilocus phylogenetic analyses. Color photoplates of macroand micromorphological characteristics, and phylogenetic trees to show the placement of new and known taxa are provided

Sampling and Isolation

Phylogenetic Analyses

Results

Discussion