Abstract
ABSTRACT Marsypianthes is a Neotropical plant genus distributed from southern Mexico to northeastern Argentina. It is composed of six species - M. arenosa, M. burchellii, M. chamaedrys, M. foliolosa, M. hassleri, M. montana - with all occurring in Brazil except for M. arenosa, which occurs in Mexico. Marsypianthes burchellii, M. foliolosa and M. montana are endemic to Brazil, while M. hassleri also occurs in Argentina and Paraguay and M. chamaedrys is widely distributed from southern Mexico to Argentina. Species of Marsypianthes are found in all the biomes of Brazil - Amazonia, Caatinga, Cerrado, Atlantic Forest, Pampa and Pantanal. Goias is the Brazilian state with the greatest species richness of Marsypianthes, with four of the five species that occur in the country. According to IUCN criteria, three of the species are classified as Least Concern, one as Data Deficient and one as Vulnerable. The present study provides descriptions, an identification key, illustrations, geographic distribution data and information on the conservation status for all the taxa of Marsypianthes in Brazil.
Highlights
Marsypianthes belongs to the order Lamiales, family Lamiaceae, subfamily Nepetoideae, tribe Ocimeae and subtribe Hyptidinae
It is composed of six species — M. arenosa, M. burchellii, M. chamaedrys, M. foliolosa, M. hassleri, M. montana — with all occurring in Brazil except for M. arenosa, which occurs in Mexico
Marsypianthes burchellii, M. foliolosa and M. montana are endemic to Brazil, while M. hassleri occurs in Argentina and Paraguay and M. chamaedrys is widely distributed from southern Mexico to Argentina
Summary
Marsypianthes belongs to the order Lamiales, family Lamiaceae, subfamily Nepetoideae, tribe Ocimeae and subtribe Hyptidinae. Hyptidinae is almost exclusively Neotropical, occurring throughout tropical and subtropical America The flowers of species of this subtribe are arranged in a diverse array of modified bracteolate cymes, with a cupped inferior corolla lobe enclosing stamens, which provides an explosive pollination mechanism (Harley 1971) for nutlets, which have an expanded areole (Paton & Ryding 1998; O’Leary 2015). Rudall (1981) mentioned that members of the subtribe Hyptidinae, other than Marsypianthes, possess ovoid nutlets. The gynoecial structure of Marsypianthes is unique within the family, making nutlet morphology a key character for identifying the genus (O’Leary 2015)
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