Abstract
ESR Endangered Species Research Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials ESR 32:525-532 (2017) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00833 Theme Section: Biology and ecology of sawfishes NOTE Taxonomic resolution of sawfish rostra from two private collections Jason C. Seitz1,*, Jan Jeffrey Hoover2 1ANAMAR Environmental Consulting, Inc., 2106 NW 67th Place, Suite 5, Gainesville, Florida 32653, USA 2US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Waterways Experiment Station, 3909 Halls Ferry Road, Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180, USA *Corresponding author: floridasawfish@gmail.com ABSTRACT: Management and recovery of endangered sawfishes are challenged by the uncertainty of species determination. Frequently, dried rostra (saws) are the only material available to represent an historical occurrence, yet traditional methods of species identification of data-deficient rostra (rostral tooth counts) are unreliable. We evaluated the utility of morphometric characters for the identification of specimens from 2 private collections totaling 41 rostra and representing 4 species: Anoxypristis cuspidata, Pristis pectinata, P. pristis, and P. zijsron. Rostra were acquired as available and the sample is likely representative of sawfishes globally. Data on 9 morphometric and meristic variables were collected, 5 of which were evaluated using principal component analysis (PCA). PCA of the mensural data accounted for 87% of the variance with the first 2 principal components. Principal component 1 (PCI) was explained by 4 variables and PCII by a single variable. This indicated that all 5 variables were taxonomically important. Spatial relationships of points were consistent with putative identifications based on available data. Knifetooth sawfish (A. cuspidata), smalltooth sawfishes (P. pectinata and P. zijsron), and largetooth sawfishes (P. pristis) formed 3 distinct clusters with minimal overlap along PCI. P. pectinata and P. zijsron were separated from each other along PCII, as were the P. microdon (nom. dub.) (Indian and Pacific) and P. perotteti (nom. dub.) (Atlantic) populations of P. pristis. The results demonstrate the utility of analyzing private collections of historically traded rostra. Cumulatively, such collections represent a global fauna sampled over many decades with potential for characterizing phenotypic variation in sawfish at interspecific and intraspecific levels on a greater geographic and temporal scale than targeted modern sampling of specific populations. Further, PCA provides an objective way of classifying data-deficient rostra to species, greatly increasing the research value of these specimens. KEY WORDS: Pristidae · Anoxypristis · Pristis · Taxonomy · Species identification · Morphometrics · Principal component analysis · Conservation Full text in pdf format PreviousNextCite this article as: Seitz JC, Hoover JJ (2017) Taxonomic resolution of sawfish rostra from two private collections. Endang Species Res 32:525-532. https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00833 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in ESR Vol. 32. Online publication date: June 27, 2017 Print ISSN: 1863-5407; Online ISSN: 1613-4796 Copyright © 2017 Inter-Research.
Highlights
Prior to protection of all species of sawfishes underCITES (September 13, 2007; http://checklist.cites.org/#/en) and the Endangered Species Act (January12, 2015; NMFS 2014), sawfish rostra were long traded among dealers and collectors of natural history objects
The 2 combined collections were numerically dominated by Anoxypristis cuspidata (n = 12), followed by Pristis pectinata (10), P. ‘microdon’ (7), P. zijsron
Characters in bold were used in principal component analysis
Summary
Prior to protection of all species of sawfishes underCITES (September 13, 2007; http://checklist.cites.org/#/en) and the Endangered Species Act (January12, 2015; NMFS 2014), sawfish rostra were long traded among dealers and collectors of natural history objects. Prior to protection of all species of sawfishes under. 12, 2015; NMFS 2014), sawfish rostra were long traded among dealers and collectors of natural history objects. 1938, Migdalski 1960, Hoover 2008). Specimens imported from the Indo-Pacific were commonplace as late as the 1960s in retail shell shops and souvenir stores in coastal towns of the United States. Sawfish rostra were well suited for long-term storage due in part to being composed primarily of cartilage reinforced with calcium.
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