Abstract
This paper represents the first article in a series on Yunnanese microfungi. We herein provide insights into Magnolia species associated with microfungi. All presented data are reported from the Kunming Botanical Gardens. Final conclusions were derived from the morphological examination of specimens coupled with phylogenetic sequence data to better integrate taxa into appropriate taxonomic ranks and infer their relationships. Shearia formosa, the type species of Shearia, lacks type material, and its phylogenetic position accordingly remains unresolved. A fresh collection of Shearia formosa, obtained from Magnolia denudata and M. soulangeana in China, therefore, designated a neotype for stabilizing the application of the species and/or genus name. Phylogenetic analyses of a combined DNA data matrix containing SSU, LSU, RPB2 and TEF loci of representative Pleosporales revealed that the genera Crassiperidium, Longiostiolum and Shearia are a well-defined monophylum. It is recognized as the family Longiostiolaceae and strongly supported by Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood methods. Its members are characterized by immersed to semi-immersed, globose to subglobose ascomata with a central, periphysate ostiole, a peridium composed of rectangular to polygonal cells, cylindrical to clavate asci, broadly fusiform, hyaline to pale brown ascospores, a coelomycetous asexual morph with pycnidial conidiomata, enteroblastic, annellidic, ampulliform, doliiform or cylindrical conidiogenous cells and cylindrical to fusiform, transverse and sometimes laterally distoseptate conidia without a sheath or with a basal lateral sheath. Nigrograna magnoliae sp. nov. is introduced from Magnolia denudata with both asexual and sexual morphs. We observed the asexual morph of Brunneofusispora sinensis from the culture and therefore amended the generic and species descriptions of Brunneofusispora.
Highlights
Located in Southwestern China, Yunnan is renowned for harboring one of the botanically richest and most diverse terrestrial regions on Earth [1]
Its morphology is highly conspicuous and easy to distinguish from other known dematiaceous coelomycetes [35, 42]
Pleomassaria maxima, which was reported as the sexual morph of Shearia formosa [45] and Shearia fusa [43], has been transferred to Splanchnonema maximum (Ellis & Everh.) M.E
Summary
Located in Southwestern China, Yunnan is renowned for harboring one of the botanically richest and most diverse terrestrial regions on Earth [1]. Most taxa of ascomycetes are plant-associated fungi that can be pathogens, endophytes, saprobes or epiphytes across a wide range of hosts in terrestrial as well as aquatic habitats Microfungi contribute both positively and negatively to human and economic well-being. They pose a threat to agriculture [5], and the rapid identification of potentially problematic species and accurate prediction of their behavior will facilitate the adoption of proper mitigation and phytosanitary measures Given their ubiquitous nature, additional taxonomic knowledge are prerequisites to understanding the biological and environmental significance of ascomycetes. It accounts for a group of ascomycetes recovered from the twigs of Magnolia denudata and M. soulangeana in the East Garden of Kunming Botanical Garden (Kunming, Panlong District). Based on morphology and multi-gene phylogenetic evidences of the collected ascomycetes, we characterized a neotype, a new species and a new host record in the order Pleosporales
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