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Abstract
Tau is a classical microtubule-associated protein known to regulate microtubule stability in neurons. In our study, we have addressed the putative crosstalk between tau and End binding proteins 1 and 3 (EB1/3), the core microtubule plus-end tracking proteins (+TIPs), in differentiating neuronal cells. We show that tau and EB proteins interact directly and that the cellular distribution and mobility of EB proteins depends on tau localization and expression levels. Moreover, our data reveal that tau is essential for the proper localization of EB1 at the medial-distal region of the axon shaft in developing neurons. In summary, we provide evidence for a new function of tau protein as a direct regulator of EB1/3 proteins. This further indicates that the interplay between classical MAPs and core +TIPs may be important for the fine-tuned regulation of microtubule dynamics and stability during neuronal differentiation.
Highlights
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive dementia
The results of the present study indicate that development of the neuronal hypoxic tolerance induced by the three-trial, in contrast to one-trial, mild hypoxic preconditioning is apparently largely associated with the activation of CREB, as well as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Bcl-2 overexpression
No significant differences in serum level of Solubile form of RAGE (sRAGE) where found between rapidly progressing and slow progressing subgroup of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.Our results suggest for the role of sRAGE in MS ethiopathogenesis, but we did not find any association of sRAGE in serum with the rate of MS disability progression
Summary
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive dementia. The aim of the study was to characterize the effects of streptozocin (STZ)-indced diabetes on learning and memory of 5XFAD and wild-type (WT) mice in Morris water maze (MWM) at ages 2 and 6 months and on brain amyloid load. Existing evidence suggests GABAergic system is involved in pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) via inhibitory interneuron deficits (Verret et al, 2012) and decrease in functional GABAA receptors (Limon et al, 2012). Our concept: low doses of muscimol may prevent learning/memory deficits in intracerebroventricular (icv) streptozocin (STZ)-induced AD nontransgenic rat model. The Sigma-1 receptor is a chaperone protein that modulates intracellular calcium signalling of the endoplasmatic reticulum and is involved in learning and memory processes.The aim of the present study was to compare in vitro Ca2+ concentration modulating activity and in vivo behavioural effects of enantiomers of methylphenylpiracetam, a novel positive allosteric modulator of Sigma-1 receptors
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