Tasman Front shifts and associated paleoceanographic changes during the last 250,000 years: foraminiferal evidence from the Lord Howe Rise

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The paleoceanography of the Tasman Sea over the past 250,000 years was studied using benthic (>75 μm size fraction) and planktonic foraminifera (>149 μm size fraction) from three cores collected along ∼162°E traverse between ∼25°S and ∼30°S on the Lord Howe Rise. Planktonic foraminiferal oxygen isotope stratigraphy dates the cores between OIS 1 and 11. R-mode cluster and Q-mode factor analyses were carried out on benthic foraminiferal faunas, and Q-mode factor analysis and the modern analog technique (MAT) were used in analyzing planktonic foraminiferal faunas. Distinct benthic faunas across latitude from north (∼25°S) to south (∼30°S and ∼35°S) reflects the difference in primary productivity level in the overlying surface water. The MAT result is thought to express latitudinal shifts of the Tasman Front over the last 250,000 years with: (1) the Tasman Front at ∼35°S during the oxygen isotope stage (OIS) 1 (post-glacial period); (2) migration of the front nearby ∼25°S during the last glacial period (OIS 2–OIS 4) and slightly northward of its present position during the penultimate glacial period (OIS 6); and (3) a return of the front to near ∼35°S during OIS 5 and OIS 7. Based on time-series and spatial variations of benthic foraminiferal factor typified by Pseudoparrella exigua and Uvigerina peregrina and one variety, southern-winter mixing and convection along the Tasman Front may have strengthened during the interglacial OIS 7 in particular.