Tasks matter: modeling group task processes in experimental CSCW research

Abstract

The authors present a model of how individuals process tasks in a group setting. They review the literature on tasks and integrate this literature in the context of experimental collaborative group work. The bulk of the task literature suggests that a workable and valid classification system must be built both on characteristics that are innate to a task and on characteristics of the task performer. Based on this framework, plus work done by J.R. Hackman (1969), a model of group task processing is proposed. As part of this model, a relatively unused type of task called a hidden profile task is documented and contrasted with other tasks which have been used in computer-supported group research. Hidden profile tasks have much to offer group laboratory research; these tasks distribute task relevant information among group members to induce heterogeneity within the group. The authors argue that the use of hidden profile tasks in laboratory research will help to close the gap between field and laboratory research since groups in field settings generally come together with heterogeneous information and perspectives. >