Task engagement in young adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders: Generalization effects of behavioral skills training

Abstract

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a behavioral skills training package on task engagement in six young adults with high-functioning ASD who worked in a regular job-training setting. Experimental sessions were implemented in a small-group training format in a therapy room using unknown tasks. Data were collected on participant's off-task behavior and questions for help as well as on staff's behavior in the regular setting during regular job tasks (i.e., generalization). Intervention consisted of discrimination training, self-management strategies, behavioral practice, corrective feedback, and reinforcement. Following intervention, a significant decrease was found in percentage off-task behavior in the regular setting while performing regular job tasks. No changes were found in questions for help by participants or in behavior of staff. Effects were maintained at 6-week follow-up and at 6-month follow-up outcomes were still beneath baseline levels. Findings are discussed in relation to future research.