Abstract
This study covers the research of the Achaemenid Empire and the early Abbasid Dynasty period, which are examined as two historical examples of multiculturalism based on the framework of the comparative historical method. The analysis have indicated that both Achaemenid (Persian) Empire and the early period of the Abbasid Dynasty (750-833) showed similarities in terms of ending oppressive and assimilations policies of previous civilizations, grabing the power after a revolution that broke out against social stratification and applying religious freedom policies despite the driving force of a monotheistic religion. These characteristics contributed to the transformation of both empires, which contributed to the emergence and flourishing of multiculturalism. Comparative analysis of these two historical examples of multiculturalism, in the study, based on the data obtained from the literature review within the framework of the comparative historical method, indicate that the two empires shared multicultural similarities.
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