Targeting CK2 eliminates senescent cells and prolongs lifespan in Zmpste24-deficient mice

Abstract

Senescent cell clearance is emerging as a promising strategy for treating age-related diseases. Senolytics are small molecules that promote the clearance of senescent cells; however, senolytics are uncommon and their underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated whether genomic instability is a potential target for senolytic. We screened small-molecule kinase inhibitors involved in the DNA damage response (DDR) in Zmpste24−/− mouse embryonic fibroblasts, a progeroid model characterized with impaired DDR and DNA repair. 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-2-azabenzamidazole (TBB), which specifically inhibits casein kinase 2 (CK2), was selected and discovered to preferentially trigger apoptosis in Zmpste24−/− cells. Mechanistically, inhibition of CK2 abolished the phosphorylation of heterochromatin protein 1α (HP1α), which retarded the dynamic HP1α dissociation from repressive histone mark H3K9me3 and its relocalization with γH2AX to DNA damage sites, suggesting that disrupting heterochromatin remodeling in the initiation of DDR accelerates apoptosis in senescent cells. Furthermore, feeding Zmpste24-deficient mice with TBB alleviated progeroid features and extended their lifespan. Our study identified TBB as a new class senolytic compound that can reduce age-related symptoms and prolong lifespan in progeroid mice.