Abstract
Aim: Targeting of contrast agents to unstable atherosclerotic plaques offers the potential to identify such plaques before rupture, allowing suitable interventions and thus avoiding myocardial infarction and death. Similarly, homing of stem cells to disease sites increases the efficacy of regenerative cell therapy while reducing the number of cells required. Currently, targeting can be achieved via chemical conjugation to specific antibodies, which typically results in the loss of antibody functionality and in severe cell damage. An ideal conjugation technique should ensure retention of antigen binding activity and functionality of the targeted biological component (e.g. stem cells). Here we report a novel, gentle, robust, highly reproducible, and site-specific coupling method utilizing the Staphylococcus aureus sortase A enzyme to conjugate a single-chain antibody (scFv), anti-GPIIb/IIIa-scFv, to nanoparticles and cells for molecular imaging and stem cell homing in cardiovascular disease.
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