Targeted Lignan Profiling and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Schisandra rubriflora and Schisandra chinensis Extracts.

Agnieszka Szopa,Paweł Kubica,Marta Klimek-Szczykutowicz,Halina Ekiert,Michał Dziurka,Angelika Warzecha

doi:10.3390/molecules23123103

Agnieszka Szopa, Paweł Kubica + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23123103

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Abstract

Schisandra rubriflora is a dioecious plant of increasing importance due to its lignan composition, and therefore, possible therapeutic properties. The aim of the work was lignan profiling of fruits, leaves and shoots of female (F) and male (M) plants using UHPLC-MS/MS. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory activity of plant extracts and individual lignans was tested in vitro for the inhibition of 15-lipooxygenase (15-LOX), phospholipases A2 (sPLA2), cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 (COX-1; COX-2) enzyme activities. The extracts of fruits, leaves and shoots of the pharmacopoeial species, S. chinensis, were tested for comparison. Twenty-four lignans were monitored. Lignan contents in S. rubriflora fruit extracts amounted to 1055.65 mg/100 g DW and the dominant compounds included schisanhenol, aneloylgomisin H, schisantherin B, schisandrin A, gomisin O, angeloylgomisin O and gomisin G. The content of lignan in leaf extracts was 853.33 (F) and 1106.80 (M) mg/100 g DW. Shoot extracts were poorer in lignans—559.97 (F) and 384.80 (M) mg/100 g DW. Schisantherin B, schisantherin A, 6-O-benzoylgomisin O and angeloylgomisin H were the dominant compounds in leaf and shoot extracts. The total content of detected lignans in S. chinensis fruit, leaf and shoot extracts was: 1686.95, 433.59 and 313.83 mg/100 g DW, respectively. Gomisin N, schisandrin A, schisandrin, gomisin D, schisantherin B, gomisin A, angeloylgomisin H and gomisin J were the dominant lignans in S. chinensis fruit extracts were. The results of anti-inflammatory assays revealed higher activity of S. rubriflora extracts. Individual lignans showed significant inhibitory activity against 15-LOX, COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.

Highlights

Schisandra rubriflora (Franch.) Rehd. et Wils, is a rare and little-known plant species of the genusSchisandra beyond East Asian phytotherapy
The anti-inflammatory specimens was studied for the first time using estimations based on the inhibition of eicosanoidThe UHPLC-MS/MS method was used for both qualitative and quantitative analyses of the extracts generating enzymes; these included cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2), lipoxygenase (LOX) and tested (Tables S1 and S2, Figure S1)
Twenty-four lignans were quantified in all analyzed samples, secretory phospholipase A2, reducing the concentrations of prostanoids and leukotrienes

Summary

Introduction

Schisandra rubriflora (Franch.) Rehd. et Wils, is a rare and little-known plant species of the genusSchisandra beyond East Asian phytotherapy. Et Wils, is a rare and little-known plant species of the genus. S. rubriflora occurs at natural sites in the western Sichuan province of China. It is an endemic species that occurs only in this region [1,2]. S. rubriflora cultivations outside the East Asian region are rare, but attempts have recently been made to grow this species in Europe, including Poland [2,3]. S. rubriflora is a dioecious vine reaching about 3–4 meters in height [1]. S. rubriflora leaves are characterized by elliptical to obovate-elliptical shape, 7–11.5 cm long and 2.5–5.5 cm wide.

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