Abstract
3541 Background: The current paradigm of histology-specific drug development may not be optimal in the era of targeted therapeutics. We sought to explore the activity of lapatinib, an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor of HER2, with a trial design focused on the target rather than on tumor-type. Methods: Patients (pts) with HER2-amplified treatment-refractory metastatic gastro- esophageal (G/E), bladder (B), ovarian (O), or uterine (U) tumors were enrolled into a double-blinded randomized discontinuation study of lapatinib 1500 mg PO daily (malignancies selected based on reported frequencies of HER2 amplification). The planned sample size was 250 HER2+ pts, with the goal of then randomizing 100 pts with SD at week (wk) 12 to either lapatinib or placebo until progressive disease (PD). Pts who responded at wk 12 (CR or PR) continued on lapatinib; those who progressed were discontinued from study. Primary objectives were response rate at 12 wks and percentage of pts who remain progression free at 24 wks. Secondary objectives were duration of response, progression free survival (PFS) after randomization, and determination of the incidence of HER2 amplification in multiple tumor types. Futility analyses were preplanned to ensure feasibility of screening and of randomization (i.e. a sufficient rate of non- progression at 12 wks). Results: A total of 145 pts were screened (G/E=47, B=35, O=58, U=5); 42 were HER2-amplified (G/E=16, B=13, O=13, U=0) and 32 (G/E=13, B=9, O=10) were enrolled. At wk 12, 1 (3%) patient had a CR, 10 (31%) had SD, 19 (59%) had PD, and 2 (6%) were unknown. Median time to progression during open-label lapatinib was 78 days, 95% CI (42, 92). Only 7 pts with SD underwent randomization. Two pts with esophageal cancer remain on study; one (CR at wk 12) remains a CR at wk 60 and the other (SD at wk 12) remains with SD at wk 36. Low response rate coupled with slow screening and enrollment led to early study closure. Conclusions: Basing trial eligibility on a target, versus histologic classification, is challenging. While HER2 amplifications appear to be prevalent in select non-breast tumors, lapatinib monotherapy in refractory disease is associated with a low level of objective responses. [Table: see text]
Published Version
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