Abstract
Target azimuth estimation in phased array radar with fixed antenna panel uses normally algorithms that act upon detected samples restricted to those from the main lobe of the antenna. The algorithms are mostly based on centroid methods that performs weighted average to calculate the center of intensity as the target azimuth. This paper presents a new algorithm to estimate target azimuth from all detected signals from main and side lobes acquired during antenna scanning. The algorithm estimates the target azimuth by finding the estimator of least variance. The estimators are defined to cover the range of all possible azimuth output, and are defined via a mathematical operation that includes the detected powers and reference prior-calculated powers. It is proven analytically that (always) the estimator that corresponds to the azimuth closest to the target azimuth contains the least variance. The simulations says the algorithm is more precise than the centroid algorithm.
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