Tannin Extraction from Oak Gall and Evaluation of Anti-Oxidant Activity and Tannin Iron Chelation Compared with Deferoxamine Drug

Meghdad Payab,Ome Leila Nazari,Mohammad Javad Chaichi,Fatemeh Yousefnejad Maleki

doi:10.11648/j.jddmc.20190502.11

Meghdad Payab, Ome Leila Nazari + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20190502.11

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Abstract

In this study, tannins were extracted by two methods (soaking and Soxhlet) with three different solvents (water, methanol and aqueous methanol 50%) and the three kind plant (walnut shell, gall oak and walnut leaves), that the highest extraction efficiency (82.08%) was related to extraction with aqueous methanol by Soxhlet method from the oak galls. Although the results of soaking were nearly to the Soxhlet. One oak Gall extract was evaluated by Lowenthal method that the result was showed that reducing materials such as tannins are 26.14%. The extracted was evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteu method that suggests phenolic compounds in the extract was 15.27, (61.07± 7.12 mg compared to gallic acid). Result of evaluation of antioxidant activity of the extracted showed the high antioxidant properties of tannins compared to ascorbic acid at less than 100 ppm concentrations, but these properties comparable to ascorbic acid of the higher concentrations, so a lower dose of the extract was may be helpful. The chelation properties of the iron ions at low concentrations of iron (III), oak was showed better performance compared to Deferoxamine but Deferoxamine due to complex formation with higher stoichiometry (1: 6) at high concentrations of Fe (III), has performed better than the oak.

Highlights

Tannins are high molecular weight polyphenolics found in higher plants including many plants used as foods and feed [1]
Antioxidants can protect the human body from free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) effects [5]
Besides that butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) have suspected of being responsible for liver damage and carcinogenesis [7, 8] BHT had little effect on mutagenicity at low concentrations, but significantly increased their mutagenicity at high concentrations [9]

Summary

Introduction

Tannins are high molecular weight polyphenolics found in higher plants including many plants used as foods and feed [1]. Tannins may contribute to the chemical defenses that minimize damage to plants by insect and mammalian herbivores [3]. Their importance in nutrition and in ecological processes makes qualitative and quantitative analysis of tannins critical to studies of plant nutritional quality and plant ecology [4]. The most commonly used antioxidants are butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), propyl gallate (PG) and tert butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ). Their safety of these antioxidants has recently been questioned due to toxicity [6]. There is a growing interest on natural and safer

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