Abstract
Hospital is an institution that provides comprehensive health services on preventive, promotive, curative and rehabilitative to the public at largeas regulated in Article 1 (3) of Law Number 44 Year 2009 About the Hospital, which says Comprehensive health services are health services which include promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative services. In addition, the hospital is an institution that dense of capital, technology and human resources, so it could potentially cause problems both internally and externally. The hospital previously regarded as a social institution that provides medical assistance to the public, but in the present position of the hospital has experienced changes, which had shaped a social institution become an institution in the form of a corporation incorporated under the law which have the rights and obligations as a legal person (rechts persoon) that lead to a dominant profit-seeking health services. Issues that have sprung up in the present, in case of medical errors by physicians or health workers who work in hospitals and provide economic or moral benefits, patients litigate doctors, especially criminal law, and never asked the corporate criminal liability of hospital that the establishment has a legal entity (rechts persoon). That issue makes the writer interested in reviewing whether the hospital as a corporation can be held criminally liable. The result of this study showed that the hospital can be held criminally liable because a hospital as a corporation is a legal person (rechts persoon) who have rights and obligations as well as a natural person (naturlijke persoon). Besides, the legal doctrine of Vicarious Liability and Strict Liability hold that there can be a person liable for the actions of his employees as far as the employment relationship in a hospital/corporation.
Highlights
Persoalan perbaikan kesehatan pasien secara keseluruhan dikelola oleh Rumah Sakit, baik perbaikan kesehatan promotif, preventif, kuratif dan rehabilitatif, hal tersebut sebagaimana diatur dalam UU Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kesehatan
The result of this study showed that the hospital can be held criminally liable because a hospital as a corporation is a legal person (rechts persoon) who have rights and obligations as well as a natural person (naturlijke persoon)
UU Nomor 29 Tahun 2004 Tentang Praktik Kedokteran UU Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 Tentang Perseroan Terbatas UU Nomor 44 Tahun 2009 Tentang Rumah Sakit
Summary
Persoalan perbaikan kesehatan pasien secara keseluruhan dikelola oleh Rumah Sakit, baik perbaikan kesehatan promotif, preventif, kuratif dan rehabilitatif, hal tersebut sebagaimana diatur dalam UU Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kesehatan. Telah diketahui bahwa rumah sakit merupakan salah satu tempat yang padat akan modal, teknologi, serta sumber daya manusia, sehingga sering terjadi tumpang tindih aturan baik internal ataupun eksternal, karenanya dalam kegiatan pemberian pelayanan kesehatan muncul banyak masalah mulai dari aspek pelayanan secara administrasi, etika, disiplin, bahkan sampai pada dugaan tindakan kedokteran yang salah. Tanggung jawab hukum rumah sakit dalam pelaksanaan pelayanan kesehatan terhadap pasien dapat dilihat dari aspek etika profesi, disiplin, dan secara khusus hu-kum pidana terkait dengan tindakan kedokteran yang diduga terjadi kesalahan medis ataupun pelayanan medis lain yang tidak dilaksanakan oleh segenap unsur pelaya-nan kesehatan dengan baik. Khususnya dokter ataupun dokter gigi, selalu dihadapkan dengan permasalahan hukum khususnya hukum pidana, di mana dalam ka-sus tersebut dokter sering beranggapan bahwa tanggung jawab akibat dari kesalahan tindakan kedokteran tersebut, harus ditanggung secara pribadi artinya rumah sakit sebagai korporasi yang merupakan tempat dokter bekerja memberi pelayanan kese-hatan tidak bisa dimintai pertanggungjawaban pidana. Penulis hendak mengajukan pertanyaan sederhana apakah Rumah Sakit sebagai korporasi dapat dimintai tanggung jawab hukum pidana, tujuan esensialnya untuk menjawab persoalan, serta memberi sumbangsi keilmuan baik terhadap akade-misi, praktisi, penegak hukum, sampai kepada masyarakat luas
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