Abstract
Chemical investigation of Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb, a traditional herbal medicine used for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment in northwest China, led to the discovery of a new phenolic aromatic rings substituted lactam, tamaractam (1), together with the previously reported compounds cis-N-feruloyl-3-O-methyldopamine (2) and trans-N-feruloyl-3-O-methyldopamine (3). The structures of the compounds were determined by high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HRESIMS) and 1D and 2D-NMR experiments, as well as comparison with the literature data. The effects of the three compounds on the viability of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Pro-apoptosis effect of compound 1 in RA-FLS was further investigated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, activated caspase-3/7 level assessment using luminescence assay, and sub-G1 fraction measurement using flow cytometry. It was found that these three compounds displayed variable proliferation inhibitory activity in RA-FLS, and compound 1 exhibited the strongest effect. Compound 1 could remarkably induce cellular apoptosis of RA-FLS, increase activated caspase-3/7 levels, and significantly increase sub-G1 fraction in the cell cycle. The results suggested that compound 1 may inhibit the proliferation of RA-FLS through apoptosis-inducing effect, and these compounds may contribute to the anti-RA effect of T. ramosissima.
Highlights
Tamarix ramosissima, commonly known as tamarisk or rose willow, is a shrub or dungarunga belonging to the family Tamaricaceae
Various species species of Tamarix have been used as herbal medicines in the treatment of inflammation, of Tamarix have been used as herbal medicines in the treatment of inflammation, leucoderma, spleen leucoderma, troubles, and eye diseases
Tender branches leaves of T. ramosissima one of the herbal one of the with herbal medicines a long history of useoffor the treatment of rheumatoid arthritisChina, (RA)
Summary
Commonly known as tamarisk or rose willow, is a shrub or dungarunga belonging to the family Tamaricaceae. Molecules 2017, 22, 96; doi:10.3390/molecules22010096 www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules desert environment and and saline and alkaline soil.are. They notexcellent only excellent sand fixing buta environment and saline alkaline soil. They notare only sand fixing plants,plants, and good species soil and conservation water conservation and afforestation in saline-alkali [1]. Various goodaspecies for soilfor and water and afforestation in saline-alkali soil [1]. Tender branches and leavesare of T. ramosissima are troubles, andspleen eye diseases [2]. Tender branches leaves of T. ramosissima one of the herbal one of the with herbal medicines a long history of useoffor the treatment of rheumatoid arthritisChina, (RA). Various species species of Tamarix have been used as herbal medicines in the treatment of inflammation, of Tamarix have been used as herbal medicines in the treatment of inflammation, leucoderma, spleen leucoderma, troubles, and eye diseases [2].and
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
