Abstract
In the present study, the problem of vapor condensation on a flat vertical surface is investigated in the case of an arbitrary dependence of the dynamic viscosity coefficient on temperature according to a fairly general law. At a constant value of this coefficient and other characteristics of a condensing liquid (heat conductivity coefficient, density) this task was considered by Nusselt in a constant gravitational field. The results obtained by Nusselt formed the basis (with certain modifications) for the computational practice of heat exchange equipment of chemical technology in the presence of steam condensation of any heat carrier. Formation of a condensate film occurs due to heat transfer through the liquid film, vapor condensation at the outer edge of the film and the flow of liquid along the surface. The article generalizes the Nusselt theory for the heat transfer coefficient under the indicated conditions, and as a result, convenient calculation formulas for the heat transfer coefficient, which are necessary to describe the operation of heat and mass exchange equipment. Approximate relations are proposed for calculating the dynamic viscosity coefficient, which are useful for calculating film flow on a flat surface. A comparison is made with the previously used ratios in an approximate manner taking into account the dependence of viscosity coefficient on temperature. When in technical applications one wants to determine the average value of two parameters, which are then used to calculate certain characteristics of a process, then, traditionally, the average of these parameters is considered. This article shows that by simplifying the dependence of the effective dynamic viscosity coefficient, more accurate results are obtained by dividing the interval of the width of the current film in the ratio of three to one, where three fourths refer to the wall temperature, and one fourth to the condensation temperature. The analytical dependencies presented in this paper can be used for practical calculations of the heat exchange equipment.
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