Abstract
Although land reform is often portrayed as a remedy for rural unrest, its effectiveness at inoculating rural populations against the appeals of insurgent movements has yet to be established By comparing land reform programs in Peru and El Salvador, I assess its effects on the distribution of popular support between rebels and regime, the limits on its ability to restore support for the regime, and the impact of other counterinsurgency tactics-especially repressive violence-on the effectiveness of agrarian reform as a counterinsurgency device Both reform programs were intended to preempt popular support for insurgencies Yet, Sendero Luminoso built its civilian support base after land reform, and insurgent violence persisted for more than a decade after the initiation of land reform in El Salvador. In both cases, repressive violence by the state undermined the remedial effects of land reform on popular support for the regime.
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