Takayasu Arteritis: A Case Report

Abstract

<p style="text-align: justify;">Takayasu arteritis is also known as pulseless disease and is an autoimmune disease with unknown etiology which is a rare type of chronic granulomatous vasculitis involving inflammation in the wall of the aorta and its main branches such as carotid, coronary, pulmonary and renal arteries. The left subclavian artery is the most frequently involved vessel. The disease can lead to narrowed artery walls that may tear, bulge and leads to pain in the chest, or arm, high blood pressure and eventually heart failure or stroke. It has a worldwide distribution, with the greatest prevalence in Asia. Women are affected in 80 to 90 per cent of cases, with an age of onset that is usually between 10 to 40 years. Stenosis of the renal artery has been reported in 23 to 31 per cent of cases and may result in malignant hypertension, ischemic renal disease, and decompensated heart failure. Involvement of both renal arteries is uncommon. A case study of 27-yearold female with symptoms like a blurred vision of the left eye, weakness, syncopal attacks. Computerized tomography angiography shows Takayasu arteritis with the early onset of anuria and acute kidney injury which were found very rare in the literature survey. The main complication of this case was Reno-vascular hypertension which was treated with T. Nicardia XL 30mg T. Arkamine 0.1mg Inj Labetalol 20mg and corticosteroids and immune suppressants were given to treat other complications. <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Key words:</strong> Autoimmune disease, Granulomatous Vasculitis, Left renal artery stenosis, Renovascular hypertension, Takayasu arteritis.