Abstract
The introduction of the concept of gradient force and scattering and absorption force is an important milestone in optical trapping. However the profiles of these forces are usually unknown, even for standard setups. Here, we successfully calculated them analytically via multipole expansion and numerically via Mie theory and fast Fourier transform. The former provides physical insight, while the latter is highly accurate and efficient. A recipe to create truly conservative energy landscapes is presented. These may open up qualitatively new features in optical manipulation.
Highlights
The concept of Fg and Fk are of paramount importance in optical manipulation
Incident light flows in one direction, this induces non-conservative scattering and absorption force that cannot be described by a potential energy approach
Particles immersed in an optical force field do not obey equilibrium statistical mechanics, making the analysis complicated[43,44]
Summary
Junjie Du1,2, Chi-Hong Yuen[1], Xiao Li1, Kun Ding[3], Guiqiang Du1, Zhifang Lin[4,6], C. Arrays of optical traps[29,30,31], or optical lattices[32], are used extensively by researchers to produce “potential energy landscapes”[32,33,34,35] While these approaches are very useful and the “potential energy landscapes” description does capture the physics, the potential energy is an effective one (the force is non-conservative, but can be considered as conservative because the particles are confined along the beam propagating direction). We present an analytical and a numerical approach to calculate these forces With these tools, we created a recipe to produce a fairly general class of conservative optical force field characterized by Fk = 0. Such conservative optical force field is required in many applications of optical micromanipulation
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