Tailoring giant magnetoimpedance effect of Co-based microwires for optimum efficiency by self-designed square-wave pulse current annealing

Abstract

Herein, we systematically studied the effect of a novel square-wave pulse current annealing (SPCA) on the magnetic properties and microstructure of Co-based melt-extracted amorphous wires, and efficiently tailored the related experimental parameters by using numerical calculation of transient temperature rise during SPCA process. We obtained the optimal SPCA treatment (at 50Hz, with amplitude of 90mA for 480s) can remarkably enhance the GMI property of as-prepared wires. At 10MHz, the maximum GMI ratio [ΔZ/Z0]max and maxima response sensitivity ξmax of SPCA-treated wire increases to 202.60% and 305.74%/Oe, which is nearly two times and 1.5 times of 104.80% and 208.14%/Oe for as-cast wire, respectively. Especially, at 5MHz, [ΔZ/Z0]max of SPCA-treated wire increases to 185.81%, which is 2.5 times of 73.69% for as-cast wire, and ξmax of SPCA-treated wire increases to 346.65%/Oe by less than two times of 190.16%/Oe for as-cast wire. From mictrostructural perspective, the notably observed role of atomic order orientation regimes and circular magnetic domain during stress releasing or structural relaxation by the co-action of high-density pulse magnetic field energy and thermal activation energy determines the optimum efficiency of SPCA, further to enhance circumferential permeability. In conclusion, SPCA treatment is expected to effectively improve GMI property of microwires, which can be used as sensitive materials for potential sensor application in detecting weak magnetic field.