Abstract
Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) lasers based on silicon waveguides with large SBS gain have been widely used in frequency tunable laser emissions, mode-locked pulse lasers, low-noise oscillators, optical gyroscopes and other fields. However, among SBS lasers, the realization of Brillouin laser output often requires a longer waveguide length, which not only increases waveguide loss but also increase the size of the device. As a new medium, lithium niobate has been fabricated into a new type of hybrid structure. Meanwhile, the width of a suspended waveguide is adjusted to tune the phonon frequency of an SBS laser based on lithium niobate substrate. Simulation results show that the tunable forward SBS effect is realized in a lithium niobate-suspended optical waveguide, showing a larger forward stimulated Brillouin scattering gain of 0.31 W−1m−1. The tunable phonon frequency ranges from 1 to 15 GHz. Therefore, utilizing the photon–phonon conversion effect, the waveguide system with LiNbO3 will pave a new way forward with better integration.
Highlights
The stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) effect is a third-order nonlinear effect, which is produced by the interaction of photons and phonons in a medium
In order to stimulate a strong photon–phonon interaction in SOI, this paper proposes the use of lithium niobate instead of silicon, which can capture light and sound waves
Since we chose silicon dioxide as the substrate, and we exposed most of the lithium niobate to the outer air surface, few parts were in contact with the silicon dioxide substrate
Summary
The stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) effect is a third-order nonlinear effect, which is produced by the interaction of photons and phonons in a medium. The SBS effect can be used to realize the interaction between acoustic waves and light waves. SBS has been widely used in many optical fields, such as slow light, signal processing technology, sensors and filters [1,2,3,4,5]. Many micro-devices and nano-scale materials have been used to enhance the SBS effect in various respects, including subwavelength diameter fibers [6]. Irina V et al demonstrated, for the first time, a narrow linewidth Brillouin laser based on a chalcogenide photonic chip [7].
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