Abstract
Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is a solid state welding method mainly used to join non-ferrous metals and their alloys. When opposed to other welding processes, FSSW has the benefits of being pollution-free and having no filler material. In this study an attempt was made for multi response optimization of friction stir spot welded EN AW 5005 aluminum alloy using Taguchi method and Grey relational analysis (GRA). Pin height (h, mm), tool rotation (S, rpm), and welding time (t, s) were used as input parameters while tensile shear strength (TSS, MPa) and joint efficiency (JE, %) were used as multi response parameters. Therefore, Taguchi’s L8 orthogonal design matrix was used in order to plan the experiments. GRA was then applied to determine the optimum condition which gives the higher grey relational degree. Analysis of Variance method (ANOVA) was also carried out in order to show the most significant parameter. Finally, confirmation test was applied to confirm the results and determine the improvement in grey relational grade throughout this method. The best results were obtained with parameters such as
 2.6 mm pin height, 1500 rpm tool rotation and 10 s welding time with 122.16 MPa TSS and 111.05 JE. A significant improvement of 0.310 was obtained in the optimal parameter in grey relation grade.
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