Abstract
Engagement-level simulation is a quantitative way to evaluate the effectiveness of weapon systems before construction and acquisition, minimizing the risk of investment. Though contractors have built simulation systems with high fidelity models of weapon systems and battlefields, developing competent tactics to give full play to new weapon systems in simulation experiments is labor intensive, as most classical tactics tend to be out of date. In this work, we proposed a tactics exploration framework (TEF) that applied grammar-based genetic programming (GP) to generating and evolving tactics in the engagement-level simulation. Tactics are represented with modular behavior trees (BTs) for compatibility with the genetic operators. Experiments to explore submarine tactics have been conducted to observe and study the exploration process. The experimental results show that the TEF based on GP is efficient to explore tactics in the formalism of BTs.
Highlights
The construction of a new conceptual weapon system requires a large budget and an extended period
We proposed our tactics exploration framework (TEF) based on grammar-based genetic programming (GP) to evolve tactics in simulation, in which a grammar of behavior tree (BT)[9] formalism is used for tactic representation
Based on BT formalism, we developed a domain specific language (DSL) for tactic representation with Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF)[29]
Summary
The construction of a new conceptual weapon system requires a large budget and an extended period. Engagement-level simulation is a quantitative method to evaluate the effectiveness of a weapon system before its construction and acquisition, minimizing the investment risk and providing feedback to optimize the technology solutions[1]. Various technology solutions for new weapon systems need to be evaluated in multiple engagement scenarios. Classical tactics are no longer applicable to operate weapon systems utilizing advanced technologies, and test scenarios show that no universal tactic performs well under these conditions; a lot of competent tactics are required to conduct a comprehensive evaluation. Developing tactics requires significant domain expertise, and scripting tactics is time-consuming and labor-intensive in practice[2]. Subject matter experts (SMEs) need a more efficient method to develop competent tactics
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