Table Tennis Experience Enhances Motor Control in Older Adults: Insights into Sensorimotor-related Cortical Connectivity

Abstract

BackgroundMotor control declines with age and requires effective connectivity between the sensorimotor cortex and the primary motor cortex (M1). Despite research indicating that physical exercise can improve motor control in older individuals the effect of physical exercise on neural connectivity in older adults remains to be elucidated. MethodsOlder adults with experience in table tennis and fit aerobics and individuals without such experience for comparison were recruited for the study. Differences in motor control were assessed using the stop-signal task. The impact of exercise experience on DLPFC-M1 and pre-SMA-M1 neural connectivity was assessed with transcranial magnetic stimulation. Varied time intervals (short and long term) and stimulus intensities (subthreshold and suprathreshold) were used to explore neural connectivity across pathways. ResultsThe present study showed that behavioral iexpression of the table tennis group was significantly better than the other two groups;The facilitatory regulation of preSMA-M1 in all groups is negatively correlated with SSRT. Regulatory efficiency was highest in the table tennis group. Only the neural network regulatory ability of the Table Tennis group showed a negative correlation with SSRT; Inhibitory regulation of DLPFC-M1 was positively correlated with SSRT; this effect was most robust in the table tennis group. Conclusion: The preliminary findings of this study suggest that table tennis exercise may enhance the motor system regulated by neural networks and stabilize inhibitory regulation of DLPFC-M1, thereby affecting motor control in older adults.