Abstract
BackgroundPersonality in patients with psychosis, and particularly its relation to psychotic symptoms in recent onset of psychosis (ROP) patients, is understudied. The aims of this research were, first, to study the relation between each clinically significant personality trait (CSPT) and psychotic symptoms, and second, to study the variance of each CSPT that was explained by psychotic symptoms, sex and age.MethodsSample: Data was obtained from 94 ROP patients (78.7% males; mean age: 24.67(4.59)). Measures: The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale were used to assess CSPT (schizoid, avoidant, dependent, depressive, histrionic, narcissistic, antisocial, sadistic, compulsive, negativistic, masochistic, schizotypal, borderline, paranoid) and psychotic symptoms (positive, negative, disorganized, exited, and anxiety and depression). Statistical analyses: U Mann–Whitney tests and multivariate logistic regressions were carried out to test the association between clinical personality traits adjusting for symptoms, sex and age.ResultsFrom the 94 patients, 13.9% had schizoid, 20.8% had avoidant, 7.9% had depressive, 7.9% had dependent, 5% histrionic, 15.8% narcissistic, 9.9% antisocial, 6.9 % sadistic, 14.9% compulsive, 1% negativistic, 0% masochistic, 2% schizotypal, 2% borderline, 5% paranoid CSPT. Negative psychotic symptoms were higher in patients with schizoid CSPT. The excited symptoms were lower for those with avoidant and depressive CSPT. The anxiety and depression symptoms were higher for patients with dependent CSPT. The positive psychotic symptoms were lower for patients with histrionic and higher for patients with compulsive CSPT. Logistic regression demonstrated that gender and positive and negative symptoms explained 35.9% of the variance of the schizoid CSPT. Excited symptoms explained 9.1% of the variance of the avoidant CSPT. Anxiety and depression symptoms and age explained 31.3% of the dependent CSPT. Gender explained 11.6% of the histrionic CSPT, 14.5% of the narcissistic CSPT and 11.6% of the paranoid CSPT. Finally, gender and positive dimension explained 16.1% of the compulsive CSPT.DiscussionThe study highlights the importance of studying personality in patients with psychosis as it broadens understating of the patients themselves and the symptoms suffered.
Highlights
People with severe mental illness (SMI) typically die 20 years earlier than the general population, largely due to smoking related diseases
Our results suggest that bis-amidines can be designed to be effective against experimental Toxoplasma infections
There is an urgent need to develop highly accessible, appropriately tailored cessation services for smokers with SMI to which mental health services can routinely refer smokers, and to explore why low smoking cessation rates persist among people with SMI receiving cessation treatment
Summary
Methods: We designed and synthesized an array of twelve novel bisamidines These compounds were examined for in vitro activity against T. gondii tachyzoites first using a colorimetric assay employing the β-gal producing strain RH-2F to examine the effect of the compounds over 5 days of parasite growth in human fibroblast host cells. This was followed by several immunofluorescence-based assays to determine if compounds can directly act on tachyzoites (red/green invasion assay), on an established infection of host cells (replication assay), and whether the compounds are parasiticidal, ie. Therapeutic indices based on the ratio between the median cell cytotoxic dose and the IC50 ranged from 4 to 84 These four compounds all inhibited tachyzoite invasion and significantly inhibited in vitro replication over a 24-hour period at nanomolar concentrations. Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne; 4UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School 5University of Wollongong; 6Deakin University; 7University of Melbourne
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
