Abstract
ObjectCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) T2 mapping can potentially be used to investigate CSF composition. A previously proposed CSF T2–mapping method reported a T2 difference between peripheral and ventricular CSF, and suggested that this reflected different CSF compositions. We studied the performance of this method at 7 T and evaluated the influence of partial volume and B1 and B0 inhomogeneity.Materials and methodsT2-preparation-based CSF T2-mapping was performed in seven healthy volunteers at 7 and 3 T, and was compared with a single echo spin-echo sequence with various echo times. The influence of partial volume was assessed by our analyzing the longest echo times only. B1 and B0 maps were acquired. B1 and B0 dependency of the sequences was tested with a phantom.ResultsT2,CSF was shorter at 7 T compared with 3 T. At 3 T, but not at 7 T, peripheral T2,CSF was significantly shorter than ventricular T2,CSF. Partial volume contributed to this T2 difference, but could not fully explain it. B1 and B0 inhomogeneity had only a very limited effect. T2,CSF did not depend on the voxel size, probably because of the used method to select of the regions of interest.ConclusionCSF T2 mapping is feasible at 7 T. The shorter peripheral T2,CSF is likely a combined effect of partial volume and CSF composition.
Highlights
Qin [1] proposed a fast 3-T MRI method to map the volume and T2 of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain
A method that can noninvasively assess CSF composition would provide a noninvasive window on the brain clearance system, with great potential for applications in studying diseases related to dementia such as Alzheimer’s disease and cerebral small vessel disease
A set of four nonselective water suppression enhanced through T1 effects (WET) pulses are applied for saturation to prevent slice history effects
Summary
Qin [1] proposed a fast 3-T MRI method to map the volume and T2 of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain. A striking finding with this method was the observation of a shorter T2 in the peripheral CSF compared with the T2 of the CSF in the lateral ventricles Qin suggested that this T2 difference is caused by differences in CSF composition between both areas, implying that CSF T2 (T2,CSF) can be used as a noninvasive biomarker for CSF composition. If T2,CSF is useful as a functional marker of the brain clearance system, it could be studied next to other advanced imaging markers of early brain damage such as microbleeds, microinfarcts, and hippocampus subfield volumes and atrophy As many of these advanced markers are acquired at 7 T [6,7,8], it is desirable to implement and evaluate CSF T2 mapping at 7 T as well
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