Abstract
T Cells T cell activation is regulated by numerous mechanisms upon T cell antigen receptor (TCR) engagement, including induction of specific cytokines by transcription factors such as NF-κB and NFAT. Tsopoulidis et al. found that TCR engagement caused rapid nuclear actin polymerization to create a dynamic actin filament network critical for CD4+ T cell effector functions. Nuclear actin filament polymerization involved the nuclear Arp2/3 complex induced by nuclear Ca2+ and regulated by N-Wasp and NIK. Specific inhibition of nuclear actin filament formation impaired T cell effector responses, including cytokine expression and CD4+ T cell help for antibody production. Sci. Immunol. 4 , eaav1987 (2019).
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