T Cell Response in Patients with Implanted Biological and Mechanical Prosthetic Heart Valves.

L Barbarash,N Rutkovskaya,A Golovkin,I Kudryavtsev

doi:10.1155/2016/1937564

Abstract

The study was aimed at assessing T cell subsets of peripheral blood from recipients of long-term functioning (more than 60 months) biological and mechanical heart valve prostheses. The absolute and relative number of CD4 and CD8 T cell subsets was analyzed: naïve (N, CD45RA+CD62L+), central memory (CM, CD45RA−CD62L+), effector memory (EM, CD45RA−CD62L−), and terminally differentiated CD45RA-positive effector memory (TEMRA, CD45RA+CD62L−) in 25 persons with biological and 7 with mechanical prosthesis compared with 48 apparently healthy volunteers. The relative and absolute number of central memory and naïve CD3+CD8+ in patients with biological prosthesis was decreased (p < 0.001). Meanwhile the number of CD45RA+CD62L−CD3+CD8+ and CD3+CD4+ was increased (p < 0.001). Patients with mechanical prosthesis had increased absolute and relative number of CD45RA+CD62L−CD3+CD8+ cells (p = 0.006). Also the relative number of CD3+CD4+ cells was reduced (p = 0.04). We assume that altered composition of T cell subsets points at development of xenograft rejection reaction against both mechanical and biological heart valve prostheses.

Highlights

At present, selecting a type of prosthetic heart valve for surgical correction of acquired cardiac failure represents a topical issue for modern medicine
Among all surface markers used in our study, various CD45 isoforms had the longest history of practical application
As early as in 1988 it was demonstrated that CD45R protein may be considered as a marker for naıve or unprimed T cells, whereas UCHL1 antibody recognizing CD45R0 binds to memory T cells [9]

Summary

Introduction

At present, selecting a type of prosthetic heart valve for surgical correction of acquired cardiac failure represents a topical issue for modern medicine. Biological or mechanical prosthetic heart valve are available options. Perhaps one of the criteria for selecting type of prosthesis might be a response of immune system to implanted xenogeneic material. Character and intensity of such reactions are subject to thorough investigation in order to, on one hand, select proper prosthetic heart valve and, on the other hand, develop approaches for improving prostheses and preventing complications and their dysfunctions. It was found that biological compared to mechanical prostheses may cause inflammatory complications [1]. Other data from long-term studies revealed no significant differences between biological and mechanical prostheses in terms of subsequent complications [2]

Methods

Results

Conclusion