Abstract
Outcomes for cardiogenic shock (CS) patients remain relatively poor despite significant advancements in primary percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and temporary circulatory support (TCS) technologies. Mortality from CS shows great disparities that seem to reflect large variations in access to care and physician practice patterns. Recent reports of different models to standardize care in CS have shown considerable potential at improving outcomes. The creation of regional, integrated, 3-tiered systems, would facilitate standardized interventions and equitable access to care. Multidisciplinary CS teams at Level I centers would direct care in a hub-and-spoke model through jointly developed protocols and real-time shared decision making. Levels II and III centers would provide early access to life-saving therapies and safe transfer to designated hub centers. In regions with large geographical distances, the implementation of telemedicine-cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) care can be an important resource for the creation of effective systems of care.
Highlights
Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a life-threatening condition that begins with an initial insult leading to hypoperfusion and can progress to multiorgan failure and death
Current data shows that nearly half of patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS) are being treated in low volume centers [6]
Hospitals within such networks are organized into 3 levels: Level I centers act as dedicated shock hubs with access to advanced temporary circulatory support (TCS), cardiothoracic surgery, durable left ventricular assist device (LVAD), hypothermia protocols and a robust multidisciplinary team culture in place
Summary
Miguel Alvarez Villela 1,2*, Rachel Clark 1, Preethi William 1,3, Daniel B. Outcomes for cardiogenic shock (CS) patients remain relatively poor despite significant advancements in primary percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and temporary circulatory support (TCS) technologies. Mortality from CS shows great disparities that seem to reflect large variations in access to care and physician practice patterns. Recent reports of different models to standardize care in CS have shown considerable potential at improving outcomes. The creation of regional, integrated, 3-tiered systems, would facilitate standardized interventions and equitable access to care. Multidisciplinary CS teams at Level I centers would direct care in a hub-and-spoke model through jointly developed protocols and real-time shared decision making. In regions with large geographical distances, the implementation of telemedicine-cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) care can be an important resource for the creation of effective systems of care
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