Abstract
AbstractEmphasis is placed upon the value of a systems approach as a tool for interrelating the complex interdisciplinary components of the increasingly desirable pest management programs. A brief outline of the parameters incorporated and construction of a mathematical model are given. Selected examples are given of models being implemented at present, and the benefits arising from them, such as in the cotton, alfalfa and apple ecosystems in the United States. Future effectuation, in Europe, of complete pest management schemes for plant diseases and nematodes, insects and mites, birds, rodents and weeds is needed, but will require concerted co‐operation between governments and organizations to initiate programs comparable to those implemented in the United States. Provision should be made for some form of extension/education system, such that the methods and benefits will be realized.
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