Abstract
In recent years, generation of large-scale data from genome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, epigenome, and others, has become routine in several plant species. Most of these datasets in different crop species, however, were studied independently and as a result, full insight could not be gained on the molecular basis of complex traits and biological networks. A systems biology approach involving integration of multiple omics data, modeling, and prediction of the cellular functions is required to understand the flow of biological information that underlies complex traits. In this context, systems biology with multiomics data integration is crucial and allows a holistic understanding of the dynamic system with the different levels of biological organization interacting with external environment for a phenotypic expression. Here, we present recent progress made in the area of various omics studies-integrative and systems biology approaches with a special focus on application to crop improvement. We have also discussed the challenges and opportunities in multiomics data integration, modeling, and understanding of the biology of complex traits underpinning yield and stress tolerance in major cereals and legumes.
Highlights
Crops such as cereals and legumes play an important role in human diet by providing necessary calories, proteins, essential amino acids, and minerals
This increase in production and productivity is challenging considering the current environmental constraints and rapidly depleting natural resources. Model plants, such as Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.), have been extensively studied for comprehensive understanding of plant genetics, genomics, and defining the function of specific genes. This is essential for leveraging genomics for breeding a new generation of climate-ready crops to produce surplus food that is high in nutrients
An overview of current omics resources, multiomics data integration, and systems biology approaches each with a focus on their applications in plant research and breeding has been discussed in the present review (Figure 1)
Summary
Funding information Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB) of Department of Science & Technology (DST), Government of India, Grant/Award Numbers: SB/S9/Z-13/2019, SB/WEA-01/2017; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Grant/Award Number: OPP1130244
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