Systems and design as the basis of engineering knowledge

Abstract

Engineering knowledge has evolved into the traditional disciplines of electrical/electronic, mechanical/production and civil engineering, and it is strongly science-based. Engineering activity concerned with converting resources into forms suitable for use, suggests that engineering knowledge ought to be systems and design oriented. The objective of the paper is to describe the factors which are thought to facilitate development in this direction. In particular, the notion of a ‘system’ is defined in relation to the logic of explanation, and statements which describe the ‘physics’ of systems are formulated. The use of natural language, suitably processed as a modelling technique leading to the application of Prolog, is described. An engineering systems theory including control, which is based on the pertinent principles of physics, is explained. Present-day control theory is far removed from the framework of physics, engineering systems theory is intended to alleviate this remoteness; thus, removing fragmentation in this area of knowledge. A framework required for the development of systems component knowledge is outlined. Finally, a systems and product design method using natural language and Prolog is described. This method brings the design process closer to deductive thinking, thus facilitating its use and teaching. Accordingly, the consideration of synthesis, rather than the more usual analysis type problems, should become easier.