Systemic inhibition of arbuscular mycorrhiza development by root exudates of cucumber plants colonized by Glomus mosseae.

Abstract

The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) non-host plants mustard, sugar beet, lupin and the AM host plant cucumber were used as test plants. Cucumber plants were grown either in the absence of the AM fungus (AMF) Glomus mosseae or in a split-root system, with one side mycorrhizal and one side non-mycorrhizal. Root exudates of the AM non-host plants, the non-mycorrhizal cucumber plants and the mycorrhizal and the non-mycorrhizal side of the split-root system of mycorrhizal cucumber plants were collected and applied to cucumber plants inoculated with the AMF. Root exudates of non-mycorrhizal cucumber plants showed a significant stimulatory effect on root colonization, whereas root exudates from the mycorrhizal and the non-mycorrhizal sides of a split-root system of a mycorrhizal cucumber plant did not show this stimulatory effect and were even slightly inhibitory. Root exudates of the two AM non-host plants mustard and sugar beet significantly reduced root colonization in cucumber plants, whereas no such effect was observed when root exudates of the AM non-host plant lupin were applied.