Systemic inflammatory markers have independent prognostic value in patients with metastatic testicular germ cell tumours undergoing first-line chemotherapy

Abstract

Background:The prognostic utility of systemic inflammatory markers has so far not been investigated in patients with metastatic testicular germ cell tumours (GCTs).Methods:International Germ Cell Cancer Cooperative Group (IGCCCG) risk groups and blood-based systemic inflammatory markers (haemoglobin, leukocytes, platelets (P), neutrophils (N), lymphocytes (L), C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin) of 146 patients undergoing first-line chemotherapy for GCT were retrieved. In addition, N to L ratio (NLR), P to L ratio and the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII=N × P/L) were calculated. The prognostic ability of these markers for overall survival (OS) were assessed using regression analyses and Kaplan–Meier curves with log-rank tests.Results:In univariate Cox regression, low haemoglobin and albumin as well as high leukocytes, N, NLR, SII and CRP were associated with a shorter OS. In multivariable Cox regression analyses, high leukocyte (hazard ratio (HR) 1.274 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.057–1.535); P=0.011) and N count (1.470 (1.092–1.980); P=0.011), higher NLR (84.5 (2.2–3193.4); P=0.017) and SII (12.15 (1.17–126.26); P=0.037) remained independent prognostic predictors for OS besides the IGCCCG risk groups.Conclusions:Systemic inflammatory markers might have prognostic utility for patients with metastatic GCT. The planned IGCCCG update could be an opportunity to test these markers in a larger data set.