Abstract
OBJECTIVES:To compare the inflammatory and oxidative stress (OS) states of adults with bronchiectasis with those of healthy controls and correlate inflammatory and OS levels with lung function and physical capacity.METHODS:This study used a cross-sectional design. Seventy-four adults with bronchiectasis (age: 49±15 years, forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1]: 52.5±25.6%) and 42 healthy controls (age: 44±17 years, FEV1: 95.9±14.0%) performed cardiopulmonary exercise tests and incremental shuttle walking tests. Their physical activity in daily life, inflammatory cytokine, and antioxidant levels in plasma were measured.RESULTS:Compared to that of the controls, the levels of interleukin (IL)-6 (p<0.001), IL-10 (p<0.001), carbonylated proteins (p=0.001), and superoxide anions (p=0.046) were significantly increased in adults with bronchiectasis. Catalase activity was also reduced in this group (p<0.001). The inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α correlated negatively with aerobic capacity (r=-0.408, r=-0.308, and r=-0.207, respectively). We observed similar correlations with OS markers (thiobarbituric acid and carbonyls; r=-0.290 and r=0.379, respectively), and these markers also significantly correlated with the aerobic capacity.CONCLUSIONS:Adults with bronchiectasis presented an increased systemic inflammatory response that correlated negatively with physical capacity.
Highlights
Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung disease with multifactorial causes characterized by abnormal and irreversible distortion of the bronchi
According to E-FACED, 34% of the individuals in the bronchiectasis group were classified as having mild disease, 45% as having moderate disease, and 8% as having severe disease
The present study showed that compared to healthy controls, adults with bronchiectasis who were clinically stable presented increased levels of IL-6, IL-10, carbonylated proteins, and superoxide anion, and decreased catalase activity
Summary
Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung disease with multifactorial causes characterized by abnormal and irreversible distortion of the bronchi. The structural changes in the bronchi include epithelial lesions that facilitate the retention of lung secretions. There is an increase in bacterial colonization, chronic airway inflammation, and remodeling [1]. This process leads to exacerbation of the disease, negatively affecting its prognosis and severity [1,2].
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