Systemic inflammation and alteration in vitamin D levels in pregnancy induced hypertension

Abstract

Background: The increasing incidence of Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) or Pre-eclampsia in developed and developing countries are alarming. Systemic inflammation and disturbances in vitamin D and minerals (Sodium & Calcium) metabolism are almost invariable consequences of PIH; and variation in their levels can adversely affect the pregnancy leading to the development of PIH. Aim: In this context, a study was carried out to assess the level of serum vitamin D, sodium, calcium and inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) in non-pregnant (NP), normotensive pregnant (NTP) and PIH women and to determine their role in the etio-pathogenesis of PIH. Material and method: Serum vitamin D, sodium, calcium and CRP levels were estimated in 20 NTP women (Group I) and 20 PIH women (Group II) by using standard methods and statistically compared it with that of age matched 20 healthy non pregnant women (Control group) by using student’s t-test. Result: Serum Ca++ level were found to be significantly low in both Group I (p<0.05) and Group II (p<0.01) as compared to healthy controls. However, plasma vitamin D levels were decreased insignificantly in Group I (p < 0.1) and significantly (p < 0.05) in Group II patients. Similarly, serum sodium and CRP levels were increased significantly only in Group II patients. Conclusion: Thus, regular assessment of serum CRP, vitamin D, sodium and calcium levels and recommendation of diet low in sodium, rich in calcium and appropriate vitamin D should be increased during pregnancy to prevent PIH and its related complications. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i4.9809 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2014 Vol.5(4); 11-15