Systemic evaluation on ischemia and reperfusion injury of splanchnic organs in rats

Nereide Freire Cerqueira,Carlos Alberto Hussni,Winston Bonetti Yoshida,Carlos Roberto Padovani

doi:10.1590/s0102-86502009000400008

Abstract

To evaluate hemodynamic and systemic changes during and after splanchnic ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Rats were divided into two groups: a) control: animals submitted to surgery, but not to I/R, treated with saline (5 ml/kg/h) for 150 min; b) group I/R: animals continuously infused with saline, and submitted to occlusion of the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery (SMA), and inferior mesenteric artery for 30 min, followed by a 120-min reperfusion. Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), venous pressure, aortic and SMA blood flow, heart rate, esophageal temperature and hematocrit were evaluated. During reperfusion in I/R groups, there was a progressive decrease in MABP, aortic blood flow, SMA blood flow, heart rate and esophageal temperature; vein pressure and hematocrit remained unchanged during the experiment. The model of ischemia used causes systemic changes, which are evidenced by hypotension, decrease in mesenteric blood flow, heart rate and esophageal temperature.

Highlights

Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) of mesenteric vessels is usually accompanied by acute vascular insufficiency and early stages of multiorgan failure, conditions associated with morbidity and mortality[1]
Groups, there was a progressive decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), aortic blood flow, superior mesenteric artery (SMA) blood flow, heart rate and esophageal temperature; vein pressure and hematocrit remained unchanged during the experiment
The model of ischemia used causes systemic changes, which are evidenced by hypotension, decrease in mesenteric blood flow, heart rate and esophageal temperature

Summary

Introduction

Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) of mesenteric vessels is usually accompanied by acute vascular insufficiency and early stages of multiorgan failure, conditions associated with morbidity and mortality[1]. This syndrome is of relevance in situations where there is an interruption of blood supply to the gut, as in vascular surgery, or in the construction of intestinal grafts or cases of shock, sepsis, and trauma[2]. Occlusion and reperfusion of the splanchnic arteries cause circulatory shock, especially due to an increase in vascular permeability, activation and adherence of polymorphonuclear neutrophils, release of proinflammatory substances, formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species[4,5]. Bacterial translocation and activation of inflammatory responses occur in the small intestine 6, besides hydroelectrolytic disorders and acid-base imbalance in remote organs[7]

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