Systematics of fission barriers in superheavy elements

Abstract

We investigate the systematics of fission barriers in superheavy elements in the range $Z=108\char21{}120$ and $N=166\char21{}182$. Results from two self-consistent models for nuclear structure, the relativistic mean-field (RMF) model as well as the nonrelativistic Skyrme-Hartree-Fock approach are compared and discussed. We restrict ourselves to axially symmetric shapes, which provides an upper bound on static fission barriers. We benchmark the predictive power of the models examining the barriers and fission isomers of selected heavy actinide nuclei for which data are available. For both actinides and superheavy nuclei, the RMF model systematically predicts lower barriers than most Skyrme interactions. In particular, the fission isomers are predicted too low by the RMF, which casts some doubt on recent predictions about superdeformed ground states of some superheavy nuclei. For the superheavy nuclei under investigation, fission barriers drop to small values around $Z=110$, $N=180$, and increase again for heavier systems. For most of the forces, there is no fission isomer for superheavy nuclei, as superdeformed states are in most cases found to be unstable with respect to octupole distortions.