Abstract
Abstract. Within the planthopper taxon Cixiidae, which is distributed worldwide, only two lineages have colonized the Hawaiian Islands: Iolania Kirkaldy, 1902, and Oliarus Stål, 1862, and subsequently given rise to endemic species. Neither radiation has been studied in depth hitherto. Here the degree of speciation within Iolania is assessed and a taxonomic revision including a key to the species based on the male genitalic characters is provided. Six endemic species are recognized: I. perkinsi Kirkaldy, I. koolauensis Giffard, I. oahuensis Giffard, I. lanaiensis Giffard, I. mauiensis Giffard and I. kraussohana sp.n. A lectotype is designated for the type‐species I. perkinsi Kirkaldy, and I. perkinsi notata Kirkaldy is interpreted as an invalid name. Morphological arguments for the monophyly of Iolania and phylogenetic relationships among the species are discussed. A plausible scenario for the sequence of speciation events and history of colonization within the Hawaiian Islands is attempted. Combined information from taxon‐ and area‐cladograms suggests progressive inter‐island dispersal from older to younger islands in the Hawaiian chain as the major pattern of colonization and speciation.
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