Systematic Review on the Antibacterial Resistance of Vibrio Cholerae

Abstract

Background: Vibrio cholerae is the causative agent of cholera illness. Antibacterial resistance of V. cholerae is frequently experienced due to the environmental pressure from human and animal overuse and misuse of antibacterials. Among such antibacterials include Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, Furazolidone, Ampicillin, and Trimethoprim-Cotrimoxazole as used against V. cholerae O1, O139 and non O1, O139 strains. Objectives: This systematic review was aimed at providing an overview of Antibacterial resistant strains of Vibrio cholerae in terms of year, location and factors responsible for the resistance. Material and Method: Systematic Electronic database search of PubMed (NCBI) by means of the key terms MeSH “Antimicrobial resistance of Vibrio cholerae” between the period of January 2000 to October 2018 was used. Results: From the findings it showed that many factors are responsible for Antibacterial resistance of Vibrio cholerae which include genetic composition, mutation, enzymes. Also V. cholerae, both O1, O139, environmental and non O1/ non O139 such as V. anginiloticus, paraheamolytcus were incriminated in transferring resistance genes from one another.  Antimimicrobial Susceptibility Testing phenotypic and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) molecular procedure were employed in detecting the resistance and equally the use of Global Antimicrobial Surveillance System (GLASS) and Centre for Disease control (CDC) AR threat report 2019 was used successfully in the management of Vibrio cholerae epidemic. Conclusions: Drug-resistant Vibrio cholarae is a problem that needs to be dealt with as soon as possible