Systematic Review of U.S.-Based Research on Racism Experienced by School Psychology Graduate Students

Abstract

The diversification of the school psychology workforce is necessary to strengthen our science and effectively serve all students. However, rampant racism in graduate programs inhibits the recruitment and retention of Students of Color in school psychology. Drawing from a larger dataset, we conducted a systematic review of articles published in eleven major school psychology journals from 2011 to 2021 that explored graduate students’ experiences of racism in their training programs. Articles generally focused on (a) experiences of racial and ethnic discrimination and/or (b) resilience and coping in response to racism. Most included and/or centered on the experiences of Black/African American students. Findings highlight a need for additional research on racism in school psychology graduate programs to promote the mental health of Students of Color, ensure their full inclusion in pursuing and contributing to graduate training, and increase racial and ethnic diversity in the field. In addition, school psychology scholars must expand existing research on racial healing, liberation, and resistance strategies that have emerged from Black, Indigenous, and other Communities of Color. We outline implications for research and practice to repair and prevent racial violence in school psychology graduate programs. Impact Statement The field of school psychology thrives on the inclusion of diverse professionals in its workforce. However, racism in school psychology graduate programs is pervasive and limits diversity in the profession by diminishing the recruitment and retention of Students of Color. This article presents a systematic review of research on this topic (published between 2011 and 2021) and makes targeted recommendations for institutions and their vested partners to abolish racism in their academic programs and establish adequate systems of support for Students of Color, and for scholars to investigate resistance strategies that promote racial healing and liberation.