Abstract
Recycling lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) plays an important role in environmental preservation since it prevents heavy metals from polluting the soil and underground water through the recovering of valuable metals. The interest in LIB recycling has grown in recent years due to the environmental and economic gains which can be seen by increasing number of articles and publications. This review uses two methodologies: ProKnow-C and Methodi Ordinatio to create a bibliographic portfolio (BP) that defines the state-of-the-start literature in LIB recycling. This review is vital because it proposes a database of a finite number of publications of relevant authors and articles to service new research on the LIB recycling theme. The research started off with 2515 articles related to the search query which were later filtered and treated to be systematically analyzed. After filtering, 591 articles were left in the filtered raw article database (FRA-database). The efficiency and parameters of ProKnow-C and Methodi Ordinatio were counter-compared forming two databases. These databases were analyzed systematically and it was found that in the initial stages there were no differences between them. Nevertheless, in the final phases, a difference in the ranking was established when compiling the final BP of the 23 best ranked articles and authors. By using ProKnow-C and Methodi Ordinatio, this review sets out to establish a concise BP of paramount importance to the LIB recycling theme.
Highlights
Since its debut in 1991, lithium-ion batteries have grown their outreach and have gone from being an option amongst other batteries, to be being the leader and standard for electronics, such as cameras, notebooks, cell phones, and other gadgets [1–5]
This review article showed that by using two distinct methodologies, ProKnow-C and Methodi Ordinatio, it was possible to establish a systematic analysis of 2515 articles found in two search engines: SCOPUS and WoS
After initial filtering and evaluation, 591 articles were left in each database (ProKnow-C database and Methodi Ordinatio database)
Summary
Since its debut in 1991, lithium-ion batteries have grown their outreach and have gone from being an option amongst other batteries, to be being the leader and standard for electronics, such as cameras, notebooks, cell phones, and other gadgets [1–5]. LIB production and market demand grew rapidly throughout the years and nowadays, the two major segments for LIB usage can be categorized into automotive and nonautomotive [3,7–9,13]. In both segments, the demand for LIBs has grown exponentially and has projected growth. In virtue of great advances made in the EV sector, the demand and projected growth estimate this to be a $67.2 billion market by 2025 [14] This means that by 2030 around 140 million EVs are predicted to cruise the roads [10,15]. Since EVs need automotive batteries to run, LIBs have predominated the sector due to their aforementioned qualities Another great quality of EV-LIB is that they have a second-life usage. The LIB from EV which is no longer suitable for EV application is inserted into another sector, proving added value to the batteries
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