Systematic review and meta-analysis of various risk factors of death from emergency cerebrovascular diseases in the department of neurology.

Abstract

Cerebrovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death and disability in China. Preventive measures to reduce the incidence of cerebrovascular disease are important, so the risk factors associated with death need to be identified. Most studies showed that cerebrovascular disease has many risk factors for death, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of stroke, diabetes, overweight, alcohol consumption, and smoking. A literature search was conducted in the English database PubMed and Chinese databases including CNKI, VIP, and China Journal Full-text Database. The time limit for retrieval was from establishment of the database to March 2021. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of stroke, diabetes, overweight, drinking, smoking and cerebrovascular diseases (i.e., stroke and cerebral infarction) were included. Review Manager 5.3 provided by the Cochrane Collaboration was used for meta-analysis. A total of 10 studies (with 32,664 patients in trial and control groups) were included: 14,743 cases in the control group and 17,901 cases in the risk factor group. The combined odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of all risk factors in patients with emergency cerebrovascular diseases in the Department of Neurology were 2.33 (1.83-2.98) for hypertension, 2.65 (1.80-3.91) for hyperlipidemia, 2.18 (1.73-2.73) for family history of stroke, 4.78 (3.07-7.42) for overweight, 2.97 (1.95-4.52) for alcoholism, and 2.98 (2.11-4.2) for smoking. P values were all less than 0.05, and the differences were statistically significant. The 10 articles included in this meta-analysis studied the effects of various mortality risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of stroke, diabetes, overweight, alcohol consumption, and smoking) on the death of patients with emergency cerebrovascular diseases in the Department of Neurology. Attention should be paid to the treatment or care of the above factors in clinical practice to reduce the mortality of patients.