Abstract
Background Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, which might be caused by oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant defense. Objective To systematically investigate the markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant systems in the saliva and blood from OLP patients and healthy controls. Methods The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase were systematically queried to collect data from studies in which oxidative stress/antioxidant markers from OLP and healthy subjects had been evaluated until March 10, 2021. Results A total of 28 studies fulfilled inclusion criteria, and 25 of them, having 849 OLP patients and 1,052 control subjects and analyzing 12 oxidative stress and antioxidant state marker levels, were subjected to meta-analysis. We found a significant decrease in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and uric acid (UA) and a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in the saliva and serum/plasma of OLP patients. Moreover, a significant elevation of 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and advanced oxidation protein product (AOOP) level and a decrease in vitamin C were also observed in the saliva of the OLP group. In contrast, salivary vitamin A, zinc, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), vitamin E, and nitrite were not significantly different between the two groups. In single studies, markers of oxidative stresses such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and 8-isoprostanelevels were elevated in OLP, and antioxidant parameters such as glutathione (GSH) and total protein (TP) levels were dysregulated. Conclusion This meta-analysis helps to clarify the profile of oxidative stress and antioxidant state markers in OLP patients although existing evidence is rather heterogeneous and many studies are affected by several limitations. Larger and more standardized studies are warranted to ascertain whether these markers are potential causes or effects of OLP and whether antioxidant therapy improving oxidative stress will be useful.
Highlights
Oral lichen planus (OLP), a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by relapses and remissions, could be found in about 2% of people all around the world, with an overall age-standardized global prevalence of 1.27% (0.96% in men and 1.57% in women) in the general population [1], more commonly found in women aged between 50 and 60 years [2]
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Indicate if evaluators of subjective components of study were masked to other aspects of the status of the participants Describe any assessments undertaken for quality assurance purpose (e.g.test/retest of primary outcome measurments) Expalin any patiernt exclusions from analysis Describe how confounding was assessed and/or controlled If applicable,explain how missing data wre handled in the analysis Summarize patient response rates and completeness of data collection Clarify what follow-up,if any,was expected and the percentage of patients for which incomnplete data or follow-up was obtained
Summary
Oral lichen planus (OLP), a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by relapses and remissions, could be found in about 2% of people all around the world, with an overall age-standardized global prevalence of 1.27% (0.96% in men and 1.57% in women) in the general population [1], more commonly found in women aged between 50 and 60 years [2]. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, which might be caused by oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant defense. A total of 28 studies fulfilled inclusion criteria, and 25 of them, having 849 OLP patients and 1,052 control subjects and analyzing 12 oxidative stress and antioxidant state marker levels, were subjected to meta-analysis. Markers of oxidative stresses such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and 8-isoprostanelevels were elevated in OLP, and antioxidant parameters such as glutathione (GSH) and total protein (TP) levels were dysregulated. This meta-analysis helps to clarify the profile of oxidative stress and antioxidant state markers in OLP patients existing evidence is rather heterogeneous and many studies are affected by several limitations. Larger and more standardized studies are warranted to ascertain whether these markers are potential causes or effects of OLP and whether antioxidant therapy improving oxidative stress will be useful
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