Systematic Multiomics Analysis of Alterations in C1QBP mRNA Expression and Relevance for Clinical Outcomes in Cancers.

Subbroto Saha,Minchan Gil,Ssang-Goo Cho,S.M Islam,Kyung Kim

doi:10.3390/jcm8040513

Abstract

C1QBP (Complement Component 1 Q Subcomponent-Binding Protein), a multicompartmental protein, participates in various cellular processes, including mRNA splicing, ribosome biogenesis, protein synthesis in mitochondria, apoptosis, transcriptional regulation, and infection processes of viruses. The correlation of C1QBP expression with patient survival and molecular function of C1QBP in relation to cancer progression has not been comprehensively studied. Therefore, we sought to systematically investigate the expression of C1QBP to evaluate the change of C1QBP expression and the relationship with patient survival and affected pathways in breast, lung, colon, and bladder cancers as well as lymphoma. Relative expression levels of C1QBP were analyzed using the Oncomine, Gene Expression Across Normal and Tumor Tissue (GENT), and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. Mutations and copy number alterations in C1QBP were also analyzed using cBioPortal, and subsequently, the relationship between C1QBP expression and survival probability of cancer patients was explored using the PrognoScan database and the R2: Kaplan Meier Scanner. Additionally, the relative expression of C1QBP in other cancers, and correlation of C1QBP expression with patient survival were investigated. Gene ontology and pathway analysis of commonly differentially coexpressed genes with C1QBP in breast, lung, colon, and bladder cancers as well as lymphoma revealed the C1QBP-correlated pathways in these cancers. This data-driven study demonstrates the correlation of C1QBP expression with patient survival and identifies possible C1QBP-involved pathways, which may serve as targets of a novel therapeutic modality for various human cancers.

Highlights

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death, and an increasing threat to human health worldwide [1,2]
Compared to the expression level in the normal counterpart, expression of C1QBP was upregulated in bladder, brain and central nervous system (CNS), colorectal, gastric, head and neck and kidney cancers, as well as lymphoma, myeloma, and some other cancers (Figure 1a)
Analysis with the Oncomine and Gene Expression Across Normal and Tumor Tissue (GENT) databases showed that expression of C1QBP was apparently augmented in multiple cancers including the most common breast, lung, and colon cancers

Summary

Introduction

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death, and an increasing threat to human health worldwide [1,2]. A total of 17.5 million new cancer cases and 8.7 million cancer deaths were estimated in 2015 [2]. The number of incident cases of cancer is increasing due to population growth, an aging population, and increasing age-specific incident rates [2]. Many efforts in cancer prevention, early diagnosis, and curation have been invested to reduce the cancer burden. Accumulation of gene alterations is crucial to oncogenesis and closely related to the prognosis of cancer patients. Identification of differentially expressed genes that are associated with survival in cancer patients can be utilized as diagnostic markers for early diagnosis of cancers. An understanding of the mechanism of the altered expression of these genes will enable them to be exploited as therapeutic targets

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Conclusion