Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) remains the fifth most commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide, with a poor prognosis. The lysyl oxidase (LOX) family, a type of secreted copper-dependent amine oxidases, is comprised of LOX and four LOX-like (LOXL) 1–4 isoforms and has been reported to be dysregulated in a number of different type cancers. However, the diverse expression patterns and prognostic values of LOX family in GC have yet to be systematically analyzed. Methods: ONCOMINE, GEPIA, UALCAN, Kaplan–Meier Plotter, LOGpc, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA and Metascape databases were utilized in this study to analyze the expression, prognostic values, mutations and functional networks of LOX family in GC. Results: The mRNA expression levels of LOX, LOXL1 and LOXL2 were significantly higher in GC, the expression level of LOXL3 was contrary in different databases, while the expression level of LOXL4 made no difference; the expression levels of LOX, LOXL1 and LOXL3 were higher in stages 2–4 than that of normal tissues and stage 1, while the mRNA level of LOXL2 in stage 1–4 was higher than normal tissues; patients with high expression of LOX and LOXL 2-4 had poor OS; the genes correlated with LOX and LOXL2 were enriched in extracellular matrix organization, vasculature development and skeletal system development. Conclusion: Our results indicated that the LOX family, especially LOX and LOXL2, might play an important role in GC oncogenesis, and they may become biomarkers for predicting tumor prognosis and potential targets for tumor therapy.
Highlights
Even though declines in (GC)incidence and mortality rates have been observed consistently across world regions, Gastric cancer (GC) remains the fifth most commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide, with over 1 million estimated new cases in 2018 (Bray et al, 2018)
The transcriptional level of LOXL1 was significantly up-regulated in GC in 3 analyses out of 23 in 3 datasets out of 7
The analyses of Oncomine database showed no difference in transcriptional levels of LOXL3 and LOXL4 in GC (Figure 1)
Summary
Even though declines in (GC)incidence and mortality rates have been observed consistently across world regions, GC remains the fifth most commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide, with over 1 million estimated new cases in 2018 (Bray et al, 2018). The LOX family, a type of secreted copper-dependent amine oxidases, is comprised of five homologous members: LOX and lysyl oxidase-like proteins 1–4 (LOXL1, LOXL2, LOXL3 and LOXL4) (Molnar et al, 2003). These members are all characterized by a highly conserved C-terminal domain and a variable N-terminal domain. The lysyl oxidase (LOX) family, a type of secreted copper-dependent amine oxidases, is comprised of LOX and four LOX-like (LOXL) 1–4 isoforms and has been reported to be dysregulated in a number of different type cancers. The diverse expression patterns and prognostic values of LOX family in GC have yet to be systematically analyzed
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