Abstract
Multimodal small satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a new radar system under development that integrates an SAR, altimeter, scatterometer, and spectrometer. When applied to marine scenes, this system can be used to measure both marine targets and marine dynamic environments with high precision. This study addresses system parameter design for multimodal small satellite SAR operating in scan mode, and this design provides system parameters such as antenna size, signal bandwidth, pulse repetition frequency, scanning wavenumber and wave position for system simulation in scan mode. A method for optimizing the transmit power when illuminating a marine scene based on the wind speed and wind direction above the sea surface is studied. The goal is to fully use the characteristics of strong sea surface microwave scattering under a suitable wind speed and wind direction to reduce the required transmit power, thus improving the available data sampling time per orbit of a multimodal radar when working in SAR mode. Various simulation experiments were conducted, and the system parameter design results are given under scan mode. Furthermore, imaging simulation results of ocean scenes are also given under conventional and decreased power after optimization. The results show that good ocean scene imaging results are obtained when the designed system parameters are used for system simulation. In addition, the simulation results also verify that when the sea surface wind speed is relatively high and the wind direction is suitable, an acceptable ocean scene imaging result can still be obtained by using reduced transmit power.
Highlights
INTRODUCTIONMultimodal small satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a new radar system under development [1] that simultaneously takes full advantage of the characteristics of two-dimensional phased array antennas such as flexible beam scanning and multiple beam generation [2] and the flexibility of recon-
Multimodal small satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a new radar system under development [1] that simultaneously takes full advantage of the characteristics of two-dimensional phased array antennas such as flexible beam scanning and multiple beam generation [2] and the flexibility of recon-The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Gerardo Di Martino .figurable electronic devices introduced by software reconfigurable technology [3]–[5]
A method for designing system parameters, imaging simulations of ocean scenes and a method for optimizing the transmit power based on sea surface wind speed and direction are studied for multimodal small satellite SAR working in scan mode
Summary
Multimodal small satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a new radar system under development [1] that simultaneously takes full advantage of the characteristics of two-dimensional phased array antennas such as flexible beam scanning and multiple beam generation [2] and the flexibility of recon-. A multimodal small satellite SAR working in scatterometer mode can obtain the wind direction and wind speed of the irradiated sea area with high precision, and can transmit that information to other small satellites that are synchronously observing the scene. A method for designing system parameters, imaging simulations of ocean scenes and a method for optimizing the transmit power based on sea surface wind speed and direction are studied for multimodal small satellite SAR working in scan mode. Part IV introduces the simulation process and the imaging results for small satellite SAR over ocean scenes operating in scan mode, including the adopted sea surface simulation method, echo simulation and imaging processing method, system parameter design results using the proposed method, and ocean scene simulation results under both conventional power and decreased power after using the proposed method for transmit power optimization.
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